Shahabat [was : Re: [Milis_Iqra] Re: Adab masuk dan keluar jamban?]

Assalamu'alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

Mas Arman,

sebenarnya saya ingin menyudahi diskusi, tetapi ternyata saya terusik dengan apa yang mas Arman kemukakan soal shahabat.

Saya juga tidak ingin berpanjang2 soalnya saya ingat hal ini pernah didiskusikan di milis ini juga

oleh mas Arman juga dan mungkin salah satu moderator.

 

Buat saya,

ketika Allah memerintahkan agar kita taat kepada Allah dan Rasulnya

tidak ada pilihan lain kecuali kita harus taat

 

"Dan tidak patut bagi laki-laki mukmin dan tidak pula bagi wanita mukminah, apabila Allah dan RasulNya telah menetapkan suatu ketetapan akan ada bagi mereka pilihan yang lain tentang urusan mereka. Dan barang siapa yang mendurhakai Allah da RasulNya maka sungguh dia telah sesat, sesat yang nyata." (Q.S. Al Ahzab: 36).

 

Nabi sendiri tidak tahu hal ghaib, jadi apa salah jika nabi tidak tahu apa yang akan diperbuat oleh shahabat shahabatnya sepeninggal beliau?

Kesalahan bagi umat manusia adalah wajar karena manusia tempatnya salah dan lupa,

tetapi apakah kesalahan terus menghapuskan semua kemuliaan para shahabat?

 

para shahabat adalah orang termulia dan generasi terbaik yang dipilihkan Allah untuk mendampingi Nabi.

Mereka tidak cuma berkorban harta tetapi juga nyawa untuk melindungi dan membela Nabi serta Islam.

Mereka adalah umat yang paling dahulu masuk Islam, disaat Islam begitu keras ditentang

Mereka adalah orang binaan Nabi secara langsung

Mereka adalah orang yang Allah tegur secara langsung pula jika berbuat salah sehingga Nabi bisa memberikan petunjuk agar mereka bisa memperbaiki diri (ingat kisah shahabat yang tidak ikut perang dan didiamkan sampai ada wahyu pemutus masalah tersebut?)

Para shahabat adalah generasi yang paling cepat ingin berbuat kebaikan.

 

Logikanya, orang yang mencela shahabat menurut saya, berarti dia telah mencela Nabi, karena nabi sendirilah yang sudah mendidik para shahabat beliau.

 

Apakah ada hadits - hadits yang menghilangkan kemuliaan para shahabat?

Nabi sendiri melarang kita mencela shahabat beliau

 

"Janganlah kalian mencela sahabatku. Karena demi Dzat yang jiwaku di tangan-Nya, kalau salah seorang di antara kalian menafkahkan emas sebesar gunung Uhud, maka nilainya tidak akan mencapai satu mud (segenggam tangan) salah seorang mereka, dan tidak juga separuhnya." (HR. Bukhari)

 

Nabi sendiri bersabda agar kita juga mengikuti sunnah para khalifah juga: 

Dari Abu Najih al-'Irbadh bin Syariyah, ia mengatakan, " Rasulullah memberikan nasehat kepada kami dengan satu satu nasehat yang menggetarkan hati dan membuat mata menangis karenanya. Maka kami mengatakan, 'Wahai Rasulullah, seolah-olah ini adalah nasihat orang yang akan berpisah, maka berwasiatlah kepada kami.' Beliau bersabda,'Aku wasiatkan kepada kalian agar bertaqwa kepada Allah, mendengar dan taat, meskipun yang memerintah kalian adalah seorang hamba sahaya. sesungguhnya barangsiapa yang masih hidup diantara kalian sepeninggalku, maka ia akan melihat perselisihan yang banyak. Oleh karena itu, wajib atas kaliah berpegang teguh dengan Sunnahku dan Sunnah Khulafaur Rasyidin al Mahdiyyin (para khalifah yg lurus lagi mendapat petunjuk). Gigitlah ia dengan gigi-gigi geraham. Dan hati-hatilah terhadap perkara-perkara yg diada-adakan (dalam agama), karena setiap bid-ah adalah kesesatan.'" (HR. Abu Dawud dan at Tirmidzi, dan ia mengatakan, "Hadist ini hasan shahih).

 

 

Nabi juga bersabda bahwa generasi terbaik adalah generasi para shahabat:

Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam bersabda yang artinya, "Sebaik-baik manusia adalah generasiku (sahabat), kemudian generasi sesudahnya, dan sesudahnya lagi." (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim)

 

dan kitapun tahu bahwa petunjuk yang paling baik adalah petunjuk Rasulullah

Rasulullah sudah bersabda bahwa "Amma ba'du, maka sebaik-baiknya perkataan adalah Kitabullah (Al-Qur'an) dan sebaik-baiknya petunjuk adalah petunjuk Muhammad. Dan sejelek-jeleknya perkara adalah perkara yang di ada-adakan dan setiap bid'ah itu sesat. "(HR. Muslim).

 

Jadi, jika beliau sudah bersabda tentang para shahabatnya seperti itu, apa mau diingkari?

tetap petunjuk Nabilah yang saya pilih.

 

tanpa mengurangi respect saya kepada mas Arman, seperti yang sudah saya sampaikan,

Saya memilih Sabda nabi tersebut.

Rasulullah mengemukakan tentang para sahabatnya, bahwa mereka adalah generasi terbaik

bahwa apa yang para shahabat nafkahkan tidak akan pernah bisa kita saingi baik dari segi jumlah maupun keikhlasannya

bahwa apa yang sudah Nabi sabdakan, kita juga diminta mengikuti sunnah khulafaur Rasyidin.

 

Wassalamu'alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh//
Whe~en
http://wheen.blogsome.com/
 
"Tuhanku, lapangkanlah untukku dadaku, dan mudahkanlah untukku urusanku, dan lepaskanlah kekakuan dari lidahku, supaya mereka mengerti perkataanku." (QS 20 : 25-28)
"Ya Allah jadikan Aku hamba yang selalu bersyukur dan penyabar"

----- Original Message -----

From: "Armansyah" <armansyah.skom@gmail.com>

To: "Milis_Iqra" <milis_iqra@googlegroups.com>

Sent: Thursday, October 29, 2009 8:22 AM

Subject: [Milis_Iqra] Re: Adab masuk dan keluar jamban?

On Oct 28, 11:16 am, "Whe~en \(gmail\)" <whe.en9...@gmail.com> wrote:
> terimakasih mas Arman buat klarifikasinya :-)


[Sama-sama Mbak Whe-En]


> 1. Saya cuma berpendapat seperti pernyataan mas Arman :-D, kalau mas Arman mengartikan lain kan saya tidak tahu mas heheheh
> begini saja contohnya, ada aliran inkarus sunnah
> mereka cuma mengakui Al qur'an sebagai hukum untuk beragama,
> padahal di Al Qur'an jelas2 disebutkan taatilah Allah dan Rasulnya beberapa kali, tapi toch tetep mereka tidak taat pada Allah karena tidak mengakui sunnah Rasul.
> QS Muhammad 33
>
> Hai orang-orang yang beriman, taatilah Allah dan taatilah Rasul dan janganlah kamu merusakkan amal-amalmu.


[Arman] :
Saya tidak ada urusan sama sekali dengan orang-orang Ingkar sunnah,
dalam buku Jejak Nabi Palsu, saya sudah membahas tentang fatalitas
kelompok satu ini dengan mengambil percontohan kasus Rashad Khalifah
dan sakti sihite.



>
> 2. [Arman] Tidak semua sahabat benar dan ini sudah sering saya publish termasuk
> dalam buku ketiga saya yang lalu.
>
> [whe~en] mungkin ada perbedaan istilah "shahabat" antara saya dengan mas Arman, yang jelas, saya hanya berusaha mengikuti sunnah Rasul :
>

[Arman] : Adanya perbedaan antara saya dan mbak whe-en menandakan
hidup itu berjalan dengan natural dan dinamis.
Pendirian saya juga punya dasar, seperti yang saya kemukakan sejak
masih aktif dimilis myquran beberapa tahun yang lalu, bahwa pertikaian
antara sahabat sendiri sudah terjadi sejak jaman Rasul masih hidup dan
terus berlanjut bahkan semakin meruncing dijaman sesudah kematian
beliau yang berimplikasi pada peperangan jamal, Imam Ali dan Muawiyah,
Imam Ali dan Khawarij sampai pembantaian Imam Husein di Karbala oleh
pasukan Yazid Bin Muawiyah dan caci maki sepanjang pemerintahan
dinasti Muawiyah terhadap Ahli Bait Nabi disetiap mimbar-mimbar Jum'at
sampai pada masa pemerintahan Umar bin Abdul Aziz.

Apalagi adanya hadis yang jelas dan shahih tentang perkataan Rasul
mengenai sahabatnya sepeninggal beliau ... silahkan dicek hadis-hadis
ini.

Diriwayatkan dari Ibn al-Mussaiyab: sahabat-sahabat Nabi berkata,
sesungguh Nabi SAW bersabda: Sebilangan lelaki daripada sahabat-
sahabatku menghampiri telaga Haudh dan mereka digiring jauh
daripadanya dan aku akan berkata: Wahai Tuhanku, sahabat-sahabatku
(Ashabi). Dikatakan: Engkau tidak tahu apa yang mereka telah lakukan
selepas engkau meninggalkan mereka; mereka murtad sepeninggalan
engkau. - Riwayat Bukhari

Selain hadis diatas, secara online juga bisa dibaca hadis-hadis
sejenis :

Hadis riwayat Abdullah bin Masud ra., ia berkata:
Rasulullah saw. bersabda: Aku akan mendahului kalian berada di telaga
dan niscaya aku akan bertengkar dengan beberapa kaum namun aku dapat
mengalahkan mereka lalu aku berkata: Wahai Tuhanku, tolonglah sahabat-
sahabatku, tolonglah sahabat-sahabatku. Lantas dikatakan: Sesungguhnya
kamu tidak tahu apa yang telah mereka perbuat sepeninggalmu - Nomor
hadis dalam kitab Sahih Muslim [Bahasa Arab saja]: 4250 sumber :
http://hadith.al-islam.com/bayan/display.asp?Lang=ind&ID=1322

Hadis riwayat Asma binti Abu Bakar ra., ia berkata:
Rasulullah saw. bersabda: Aku berada di tepi telaga untuk melihat
siapa saja di antara kalian yang akan minum dari telagaku. Dan akan
ada sekelompok manusia yang akan dihalangi lalu aku bermohon: Wahai
Tuhanku, mereka adalah sebagian dari diriku dan termasuk umatku.
Kemudian dikatakan: Tidak tahukah engkau apa yang telah mereka perbuat
sesudahmu? Demi Allah! Mereka langsung kembali kepada kekafiran
sepeninggalmu. Kata seorang perawi, Ibnu Abu Malikah berdoa: Ya Allah,
sesungguhnya aku memohon perlindungan kepada-Mu dari kembali kepada
kekafiran atau dari cobaan terhadap agama kami - Nomor hadis dalam
kitab Sahih Muslim [Bahasa Arab saja]: 4245 sumber :
http://hadith.al-islam.com/bayan/display.asp?Lang=ind&ID=1320


Shahi Bukhari Vol 6, Book 60. Prophetic Commentary On The Qur'an
(http://www.islamasoft.co.uk/downloads.html)

Narrated By Ibn Abbas: Allah's Apostle delivered a sermon and said, "O
people! You will be gathered before Allah bare-footed, naked and not
circumcised." Then (quoting Quran) he said: "As We began the first
creation, We shall repeat it. A promise We have undertaken: Truly we
shall do it..." (21.104)

The Prophet then said, "The first of the human beings to be dressed on
the Day of Resurrection, will be Abraham. Lo! Some men from MY
FOLLOWERs will be brought and then (the angels) will drive them to the
left side (Hell-Fire). I will say. 'O my Lord! (They are) my
companions!' Then a reply will come (from Almighty), 'You do not know
what they did after you.' I will say as the pious slave (the Prophet
Jesus) said: And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them.
When You took me up. You were the Watcher over them and You are a
Witness to all things.' (5.117) Then it will be said, "These people
have continued to be apostates since you left them."


Saya bawa lagi contoh lainnya ya Mbak seputar sahabat sehingga kenapa
saya bersikap demikian ya Mbak ...

Bagaimana sekarang dengan kisah keributan di Saqifah seputar pemilihan
Abu Bakar ?
Bukhari bercerita ... dalam Vol 9, Book 88. Afflictions And The End Of
The World. Hadith 227.
allegiance was given, are to be supported, lest they both should be
killed.

And no doubt after the death of the Prophet we were informed that the
Ansar disagreed with us and gathered in the shed of Bani Sa'da. 'Ali
and Zubair and whoever was with them, opposed us, while the emigrants
gathered with Abu Bakr. I said to Abu Bakr, 'Let's go to these Ansari
brothers of ours.' So we set out seeking them, and when we approached
them, two pious men of theirs met us and informed us of the final
decision of the Ansar, and said, 'O group of Muhajirin (emigrants) !
Where are you going?' We replied, 'We are going to these Ansari
brothers of ours.' They said to us, 'You shouldn't go near them.

Carry out whatever we have already decided.' I said, 'By Allah, we
will go to them.' And so we proceeded until we reached them at the
shed of Bani Sa'da. Behold! There was a man sitting amongst them and
wrapped in something. I asked, 'Who is that man?' They said, 'He is
Sa'd bin 'Ubada.' I asked, 'What is wrong with him?' They said, 'He is
sick.'

After we sat for a while, the Ansar's speaker said, 'None has the
right to be worshipped but Allah,' and praising Allah as He deserved,
he added, 'To proceed, we are Allah's Ansar (helpers) and the majority
of the Muslim army, while you, the emigrants, are a small group and
some people among you came with the
intention of preventing us from practicing this matter (of caliphate)
and depriving us of it.'

When the speaker had finished, I intended to speak as I had prepared a
speech which I liked and which I wanted to deliver in the presence of
Abu Bakr, and I used to avoid provoking him. So, when I wanted to
speak, Abu Bakr said, 'Wait a while.' I disliked to make him angry. So
Abu Bakr himself gave a speech, and he was wiser and more patient than
I. By Allah, he never missed a sentence that I liked in my own
prepared speech, but he said the like of it or better than it
spontaneously. After a pause he said, 'O Ansar! You deserve all (the
qualities that you have attributed to yourselves, but this question
(of Caliphate) is only for the Quraish as they are the best of the
Arabs as regards descent and home, and I am pleased to suggest that
you choose either of these two men, so take the OATH OF ALLEGIANCE to
either of them as you wish. And then Abu Bakr held my hand and Abu
Ubada bin Abdullah's hand who was sitting amongst us.

I hated nothing of what he had said except that proposal, for by
Allah, I would rather have my neck chopped off as expiator for a sin
than become the ruler of a nation, one of whose members is Abu Bakr,
unless at the time of my death my own-self suggests something I don't
feel at present.'

And then one of the Ansar said, 'I am the pillar on which the camel
with a skin disease (eczema) rubs itself to satisfy the itching (i.e.,
I am a noble), and I am as a high class palm tree! O Quraish. There
should be one ruler from us and one from you.'

Then there was a hue and cry among the gathering and their voices rose
so that I was afraid there might be great disagreement, so I said, 'O
Abu Bakr! Hold your hand out.' He held his hand out and I pledged
allegiance to him, and then all the emigrants gave the Pledge of
allegiance and so did the Ansar afterwards. And so we became
victorious over Sa'd bin Ubada (whom Al-Ansar wanted to make a ruler).
One of the Ansar said, 'You have killed Sa'd bin Ubada.' I replied,
'Allah has killed Sa'd bin Ubada.' Umar added, "By Allah, apart from
the great tragedy that had happened to us (i.e. the death of the
Prophet), there was no greater problem than the allegiance pledged to
Abu Bakr because we were afraid that if we left the people, they might
give the Pledge of allegiance after us to one of their men, in which
case we would have given them our consent for something against our
real wish, or would have opposed them and caused great trouble. So if
any person gives the Pledge of allegiance to somebody (to become a
Caliph) without consulting the other Muslims, then the one he has
selected should not be granted allegiance, lest both of them should be
killed."

Ternyata dari literatur Sunni paling otentik pro dan kontra pemilihan
Abu Bakar sebagai Khalifah dan juga kerusuhan antar sahabat dihari
wafatnya Rasul memang terbukti ada .... ini selaras dengan apa yang
kita lihat dalam sumber-sumber Syiah.

Lalu bagaimana akhirnya dengan kisah baiatnya Ali kepada Abu Bakar ?

Berikut sambungan dari hadis Shahi Bukhari Vol 5, Book 59. Military
Expeditions Led By The Prophe.... Hadith 546.

When FATIMA was alive, the people used to respect 'Ali much, but after
her death, 'Ali noticed a change in the people's attitude towards him.
So Ali sought reconciliation with Abu Bakr and gave him an oath of
allegiance. 'Ali had not given the oath of allegiance during those
months (i.e. the period between the Prophet's death and FATIMA's
death). 'Ali sent someone to Abu Bakr saying, "Come to us, but let
nobody come with you," as he disliked that 'Umar should come, 'Umar
said (to Abu Bakr), "No, by Allah, you shall not enter upon them alone
" Abu Bakr said, "What do you think they will do to me? By Allah, I
will go to them' So Abu Bakr entered upon them, and then 'Ali uttered
Tashah-hud and said (to Abu Bakr), "We know well your superiority and
what Allah has given you, and we are not jealous of the good what
Allah has bestowed upon you, but you did not consult us in the
question of the rule and we thought that we have got a right in it
because of our near relationship to Allah's Apostle."

Thereupon Abu Bakr's eyes flowed with tears. And when Abu Bakr spoke,
he said, "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is to keep good relations with
the relatives of Allah's Apostle is dearer to me than to keep good
relations with my own relatives. But as for the trouble which arose
between me and you about his property, I will do my best to spend it
according to what is good, and will not leave any rule or regulation
which I saw Allah's Apostle following, in disposing of it, but I will
follow." On that 'Ali said to Abu Bakr, "I promise to give you the
oath of allegiance in this after noon." So when Abu Bakr had offered
the Zuhr prayer, he ascended the pulpit and uttered the Tashah-hud and
then mentioned the story of 'Ali and his failure to give the oath of
allegiance, and excused him, accepting what excuses he had offered;
Then 'Ali (got up) and praying (to Allah) for forgiveness, he uttered
Tashah-hud, praised Abu Bakr's right, and said, that he had not done
what he had done because of jealousy of Abu Bakr or as a protest of
that Allah had favored him with. 'Ali added, "But we used to consider
that we too had some right in this affair (of rulership) and that he
(i.e. Abu Bakr) did not consult us in this matter, and therefore
caused us to feel sorry." On that all the Muslims became happy and
said, "You have done the right thing." The Muslims then became
friendly with 'Ali as he returned to what the people had done (i.e.
giving the oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr).

Yah, itulah sikap bijak Ahli Bait Nabi ... sebuah keteladanan yang
paripurna sebagai buah dari didikan sang guru yang mendapat bimbingan
Allah sang empunya semesta alam ini.

Akhirnya saya ingin menutup posting singkat ini dengan sebuah riwayat
dari Umar bin Abdul Aziz yang juga berhubungan dengan kasus ini dan
sebuah hadis lain dari Abu Daud yang memperlihatkan betapa kasihnya
Rasul terhadap diri Fatimah puterinya itu :

Abu Dawud Book 13. Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership. Hadith 2966.

Narrated By Umar ibn Abdul Aziz: Al-Mughirah (ibn Shu'bah) said: Umar
ibn AbdulAziz gathered the family of Marwan when he was made caliph,
and he said: Fadak belonged to the Apostle of Allah (pbuh), and he
made contributions from it, showing repeated kindness to the poor of
the Banu Hashim from it, and supplying from
it the cost of marriage for those who were unmarried. FATIMAH asked
him to give it to her, but he refused.

That is how matters stood during the lifetime of the Apostle of Allah
(pbuh) till he passed on (i.e. died). When AbuBakr was made ruler he
administered it as the Prophet (pbuh) had done in his lifetime till he
passed on. Then when Umar ibn al-Khattab was made ruler he
administered it as they had done till he passed on. Then it was given
to Marwan as a fief, and it afterwards came to Umar ibn AbdulAziz.
Umar ibn AbdulAziz said: I consider I have no right to something which
the Apostle of Allah (pbuh) refused to FATIMAH, and I call you to
witness that I have restored it to its former condition; meaning in
the time of the Apostle of Allah (pbuh).


Abu Dawud Book 28. Combing the Hair. Hadith 4201.

Narrated By Thawban: When the Apostle of Allah (pbuh) went on a
journey, the last member of his family he saw was FATIMAH, and the
first he visited on his return was FATIMAH. Once when he returned from
an expedition she had hung up a hair-cloth, or a curtain, at her door,
and adorned al-Hasan and al-Husayn with silver bracelets. So when he
arrived, he did not enter. Thinking that he had been prevented from
entering by what he had seen, she tore down the curtain, unfastened
the bracelets from the boys and cut them off.

They went weeping to the Apostle of Allah (pbuh), and when he had
taken them from them, he said: Take this to so and so's family.
Thawban. In Medina, these are my family, and I did not like them to
enjoy their good things in the present life. Buy FATIMAH a necklace or
asb, Thawban, and two ivory bracelets.

Semoga bermanfaat dan lebih obyektif ...

"Dan janganlah sekali-kali kebencianmu terhadap suatu kaum, mendorong
kamu untuk berlaku tidak adil. Berlaku adillah, karena adil itu lebih
dekat kepada taqwa." -QS. Al-Ma'idah  5:8


Akhirnya bahwa pendapat saya seputar sahabatpun memiliki dasar argumen
yang kuat berlandas nash yang shahih ... ya sekali lagi adanya
perbedaan antara kita ... menandakan bahwa hidup berjalan natural.

Salam manis dari Palembang,


Arman

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Serulah kepada jalan Tuhanmu dengan hikmah dan pelajaran yang baik
dan bantahlah mereka dengan cara yang lebih baik. -Qs. 16 an-Nahl :125

Berilah mereka pelajaran, dan katakanlah kepada mereka perkataan yang berbekas pada jiwa mereka. -Qs. 4 an-Nisa' : 63

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